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Together for the Country!
Program of the Political Party "Party for the Development and Consolidation of Moldova" (PDCM)
Contents:
Preambul
Strengthening the rule of law. Security of citizens and the state
European integration. Reintegration of the country. Balanced and predictable foreign policy
Developing the economy and strengthening public finances
Education, Research, Culture, Sport, Youth
Health protection
Social Protection and Employment
Development of public infrastructure and regions
Efficient agricultural sector
Environment and climate change
Preamble
The Republic of Moldova and the people of the country will prosper, and the current difficulties will be overcome! Just as our ancestors knew how to emerge victorious from multiple trials and balances throughout the centuries-old history of our people! At the foundation of the decision to create the PDCM is our firm conviction that in a relatively short time horizon, the state of affairs in the Republic of Moldova can be changed for the better, and people's lives can be significantly improved. It is only necessary to consolidate around the things that make us stronger and not around vain words that turn us against each other and weaken us as a nation.
For the past 30 years, "Divide and Conquer" has been the preferred strategy of politicians. To get to power, they divided people into good and bad, "with the east or with the west", in pro or con. A divided nation, however, cannot prosper, cannot hope for the future. The strong division of society by politicians is also the surest means of covering up corruption and lawlessness, and the principle "we do not give up our own" is common to those on the left and those on the right, regardless of who prevails in government.
At different stages, politicians have used different "slogans and lures" to turn us against each other: from utopias and geopolitical scares to interethnic destabilizations, from extremist nationalism to scenarios of federalizations or renunciation of statehood. They were just false, trivial smoke bombs to cover the intention to gain power and further divide the people. The division of society on various criteria can have only one result – the collapse of the nation and the loss of the independence and sovereignty of the state. With each electoral cycle, unconscious or premeditated, the current political class brings us closer to collapse. And if we admit this outcome, we will be cursed by the next generations and we will betray the memory of our ancestors.
We, the team of the Party for Development and Consolidation of Moldova, want to consolidate the citizens of the Republic of Moldova around common goals, desires that unite us, not divide us. We are fully convinced that all political forces in the country can identify these objectives and can combine their efforts and human potential to work in solidarity to achieve them. The primary task of the PDCM is to strengthen our society around the objective of integrating the Republic of Moldova, an independent and sovereign state, into the family of European countries. This objective is an existential one for our country and must acquire the status of a national idea!
There is a lot of work to be done to achieve the goal of European integration of our country, there is a lot to believe in ourselves to achieve this goal, there is a lot to recover from the trust of the European partners in the Moldovan politics, but the people who live on this holy land have always been worthy and hardworking, with a lot of patience and determination. We have a noble goal and we are sure of success!
The development of the country, by bringing pragmatic professionals and established intellectuals back to the forefront of the socio-economic and political life, is another objective that the PDCM team proposes. The people of Moldova already feel, in a practical way, what are the consequences of ignoring, over the years, the fields of Education, Medicine or Culture. The people of authentic value of the country - the talented scientists and young people, the artists and writers, the pedagogues and doctors, the innovative entrepreneurs and high-performance athletes, the professional patriots of the local and central public administration, who all constitute the pride and hope of any people, have been put on the back burner by politicians. As a consequence, the country was deprived of the driving force of development and prosperity. Valuable people from all fields, representatives of all ethnicities, who together with Moldovans constitute the people of the country, must return to the front line of the struggle for the prosperous future of the citizens of the Republic of Moldova.
Our Moldova is a bleeding heart. The country is dismembered by the unfair barrier on the Dniester, but also by the separation from its people who left among foreigners. The reintegration of the region on the left bank of the Dniester and the creation of conditions for the return of the diaspora home are vital objectives for our nation and a priority topic on the agenda of the PDCM.
PDCM is a centrist political party, whose visions and objectives are anchored in our determination to restore the rule of law, order and democracy - an indispensable condition for the authentic assurance of freedoms and human rights, for the implementation of liberal economic policies that stimulate economic development, for increasing the budgetary and fiscal sustainability of the country and, implicitly, for increasing the financing capacity of the social field. Freedom of opinion and expression is the fundamental element of any developed society and is the pillar of the PDCM's activity, but ensuring these freedoms is possible only in the conditions of a strong democratic state, which can protect the democratic freedoms of citizens, both in front of public institutions and in front of radical elements in Moldovan politics. Ensuring respect for human rights and the functioning of the rule of law is also the main condition for hoping for the perspective of the European integration of our state, respectively an essential priority for the PDCM.
Endemic corruption, justice subservient to politics and "justice for the strongest" are the consequences of the weak and inefficient state. Big corruption is to be fought through effective control over spending and wealth, combined with harsh punishments. Petty corruption can be mitigated by ensuring sufficient salaries for a decent life, corresponding to contemporary standards. Independent justice is the fundamental element of any developed state and can be ensured by reviewing the mechanisms for appointing judges and prosecutors to key positions in the system, including in the composition of collegiate bodies.
People will only care about their state if the state cares about people. Increasing the care of state institutions towards citizens by increasing the quality of public services is an objective, which should also become a common one for the political forces in the country, and this is the determining element for the citizen's attitude towards the state. The reform of the Central and Local Public Administration and the continuous adjustment of the public system to the socio-economic realities are the only possibility to put the state institutions at the service of the citizen, to efficiently use citizens' money for the maintenance of the bureaucratic apparatus, but also to eliminate the unjustified administrative burden on economic activities. The PDCM will promote this reform, especially targeting the structure of the government and the second-level local administration.
Massive public investment in infrastructure is the main precondition for economic development, attracting private investment and creating new jobs. It is not possible to stop the exodus of the young population and bring people back from abroad, if the state does not provide them with quality roads, water and sanitation systems, energy security, but also an environment conducive to life. This approach, together with the emphasis on the development of the "green" economy and the reduction of the state's participation in the economy as an economic agent, are fundamental elements of the economic visions of the PDCM team and a priority objective for its achievement.
Strengthening the rule of law. Security of citizens and the state
The people of the Republic of Moldova regained their independence and sovereignty three decades ago. The process of building a strong and functional state, with efficient institutions oriented towards the good of the citizen and the country, to the regret of all of us, has dragged on. The political class has most of the time had as a priority the achievement of its less political goals, and the efforts to consolidate the state and its institutions have been either sporadic or declarative, but certainly without sustainable efficiency.
This attitude has generated, first of all, the deterioration of the functionality of the law institutions at their stage of becoming, and corruption is its most serious effect. Under these conditions, the credibility of citizens towards their own state has been eroded, and the reforms and policies promoted by the governments no longer have the support of the country's population. As a result, the political class is increasingly embracing populist and unaccountable approaches, which further aggravate the systemic problems faced by our country.
A state cannot exist without its citizens, and the citizen cannot realize his rights without the state. The development of mutual respect between the state and the citizen is a complex process, but not impossible. And here the goal is: The state must ensure respect for all socio-economic rights, dignity and prosperity of all its citizens (without exceptions), Citizens must respect the laws of the state (without exceptions)). In a modern society this is how responsibilities are distributed.
The approach of the PDCM in these circumstances is based on the determination to strengthen the state and consolidate the society around existential reforms for the Republic of Moldova, assumed by us in this Program.
PDCM priorities in reforming the political system and public administration
The focus of the political class predominantly on narrow party objectives and populist approaches has resulted in the establishment of an inefficient and illogical political system for the current conditions. Only irresponsible populism was the basis for the return at the beginning of 2003 to the territorial-administrative system based on districts, and in March 2016 - to direct presidential elections, in the conditions of the reduced powers of the President of the country. Narrow political interests and approaches contrary to democratic principles and values have practically reduced to zero the possibilities of the parliamentary opposition to actively participate in the political life of the country, de facto offering it only one instrument – the street and protests. This approach also had the effect of the obvious imbalances in the distribution of competences and available resources between the levels of public administration, reducing local public autonomy only to symbolic levels. The priority objectives of the PDCM in the field of public administration and the political system are the following:
PDCM priorities in the field of justice
The citizens of the Republic of Moldova are looking for justice, and the justice system in the country is not able to offer it to them. The major deficiencies of the justice system of the Republic of Moldova not only do not ensure adequate punishment of those who violate the law, but are often at the origin of the most serious crimes. Under the conditions of an independent and efficient justice system, such serious crimes as the robbery of the banking system, the "laundromat", the abusive takeover of businesses or colossal damage to the interests of the state, could not take place. In Moldovan justice, it is also the main barrier for attracting private investments in the country's economy, but also for attracting external financial means for public investments in infrastructure.
The situation in which the justice system has reached is largely the result of the behavior of the political class, which has often used interference in the system to achieve its petty goals. The independence of the Prosecutor's Office as an institution, as well as of the prosecutors as procedural subjects, was not ensured. Each government has tried in one way or another to control the judiciary, from intimidation, to political appointments, to tolerating corruption and underfunding the system.
The Supreme Council of Magistracy has failed to create its own procedures to combat such phenomena, as well as potential conflicts of interest within the body of magistrates. The self-administration body of justice has become, rather, a platform for sterile discussions incapable of radically changing the situation created.
The dysfunctions of the justice system also significantly affect the image of our country abroad, and the failure to implement several reforms in this sector seriously compromises the collaboration with our development partners. The multiple appeals of the country's citizens to find justice at the European Court of Human Rights entail enormous reputational and material losses for the Republic of Moldova.
This situation can no longer be tolerated and provokes a well-founded wave of dissatisfaction on the part of those affected by the act of justice: either it is about litigants, i.e. those who turn to the judicial bodies to solve contentious problems, or it is about vigilantes, i.e. those who help or even carry out the act of justice (prosecutors, lawyers, clerks, experts, bailiffs, judges). The main priorities of the PDCM in the field of justice are the following:
PDCM priorities in the fight against corruption
Endemic corruption is the main cause of the degrading situation in which the Republic of Moldova found itself after almost 30 years of independence. This phenomenon seriously affects all areas and has serious effects on the political system, the security of citizens and the country, the national economy and the morale of our society. Corruption is the main cause of poverty, economic underdevelopment and the exodus of people from the country.
Although the state institutions responsible for preventing and combating this phenomenon announce progress in eradicating it, society has completely different perceptions, and the indicators used by international bodies in the field largely confirm these perceptions. The derisory punishments given by the courts in cases of corruption, especially in those of "grand corruption", erode the confidence that justice applies the appropriate penalties.
We believe that the most important thing that everyone needs to understand is that the fight against corruption must not divide people into ours and the rest. It must work equally for everyone, regardless of the degree of friendship or kinship with the one who broke the law. The uniform application of justice is the approach for which the PDCM pleads with determination. The priority objectives for the PDCM in the fight against corruption are the following:
PDCM priorities in the field of public and the state security
Since the proclamation of the independence of our state in 1991, the citizens of the country have always had well-founded objections regarding the capacity of the competent state institutions to ensure their personal security and private and public property. After the disaster of the 1990s, the criminogenic situation was partially recovered in the 2000s, but the population's perception of the level of public security continues to be below expectations. The numerous reforms implemented in the police bodies have not fully achieved their objectives, and the authority of the policeman in society has decreased considerably. One of the biggest problems for the public security system was insufficient funding and endowment. This has led to the reduction or even complete abolition of some important activities for preventing and combating crime, especially the institute of the sector policeman, the authority of the employee in the public order bodies and the educational work with young people. This approach has also generated the acute problem of the shortage of police personnel.
The state's approaches in the field of national defense must be anchored in the foreign policy of the Republic of Moldova, aimed at ensuring friendly relations and cooperation on principles of mutual respect with all partner states. In this regard, the major objective is to strengthen the security and defense sector in accordance with the national interests of the Republic of Moldova, considering the new challenges to national, regional and global security.
European integration. Reintegration of the country. Balanced and predictable foreign policy
The Republic of Moldova is a sovereign and independent state, and its foreign policy must be oriented towards strengthening this status, relations on the principles of mutual respect and mutually beneficial economic and political cooperation with all states of the world. The country's foreign policy should also aim to facilitate the integration of the national economy of the Republic of Moldova into the international economic circuit, by attracting foreign investments in the country.
The country's government and political class must be strengthened in order to identify a political solution for the settlement of the Transnistrian conflict, for the evacuation of foreign military troops and ammunition from the national territory, for the territorial reintegration of the country.
Another major objective of our state's foreign policy is to strengthen bilateral relations with neighboring states Romania and Ukraine, but also with our strategic partners, including the Russian Federation and the United States of America.
The foreign policy of the Republic of Moldova must become the consolidating element of our society, not what it has been in the last 25 years – a factor that divides society on geopolitical or ethnic criteria. The subject of the geopolitical vector has been cynically speculated by both right-wing and left-wing politicians, their real goal being not to fit the country into one union or another, but to come to power and split society.
The Party for Development and Consolidation of Moldova aims to consolidate the country's citizens around the objective of integrating the Republic of Moldova, an independent and sovereign state, into the family of European countries. This objective is an existential one for our country and must acquire the status of a national idea!
The implementation of the principles and objectives of political, economic, legal, social and cultural development enshrined in the Association Agreement between Moldova and the EU must become the joint commitment of the entire society, and the political class is obliged to ensure the leading role in this process. Legislation adopted on the basis of European regulations must be properly implemented at the level of the fundamental rights of every citizen and entrepreneur: the right to healthcare, social protection, food and non-food safety, accessibility of services, competitive environments, etc. The EU market is the largest market on our continent, and we must become an integral part of it. The freedoms of the EU's internal market are at the heart of European integration. That is why the renewal of the Association Agreement and sectoral integration is a key priority for the party in the short term.
The Republic of Moldova has its future in the united family of European countries. The integration of our state into the EU is also the only solution to overcome the economic problems faced by the country, but also to preserve statehood. Identifying a solution for the territorial reintegration of the country is still possible only in the conditions of the integration of the European state of our state. The priority objectives of the PDCM for the European integration agenda, the field of foreign policy and the settlement of the Transnistrian problem are the following:
Developing the economy and strengthening public finances
After almost three decades since the proclamation of its independence, the Republic of Moldova has still not managed to reach the quantitative parameters of the national economy until 1990. The transition of the economy from the old system to the market economic model was carried out in an inefficient and irrational, and often barbaric, way. The country's economic potential has not been adapted to the new realities, but it has been largely destroyed and stolen. What was supposed to become a cornerstone for building a strong economy based on the principles of the market economy, has become, due to incoherent economic policies, rather a stone that has sunk the economy. The governments that have been at the helm of the country over the years have failed to define the optimal role of the state in the economy, preferring most of the time inadequate regulations of economic activities and excessive involvement in the economic circuit. The state continues to manage important assets in the economic sector, missing each time the optimal moment of their denationalization. Inefficient economic and fiscal policies, abusive involvement of state institutions in the economy, persecution in order to take over businesses from corrupt officials, lack of guarantees and security of capital, have discouraged investments in economic development, causing a chain of major problems for all areas of the country's socio-economic life.
One of the major deficiencies of the state's policies in the economic field was the weak correlation between the objectives of economic development and the budgetary-fiscal ones, and the state structures responsible for these areas often pursued narrow institutional interests. The PDCM considers it judicious to review these approaches, ensuring the harmonization and synchronization of the state's economic and budgetary-fiscal policies by assigning these competences to a single central public authority – the Ministry of Economy and Finance. This would ensure a better correlation not only at the level of economic and fiscal-fiscal policies, but would also contribute to the identification of a reasonable and optimal balance in the field of state control of economic activities, including tax and customs.
The PDCM will promote stimulating policies for economic development, based on the synchronization of the reduction of the administrative-fiscal burden with the increase of the degree of fiscal compliance of economic agents. Reducing the phenomenon of the shadow economy and eliminating tax discrimination against honest economic agents are crucial elements for ensuring significant economic growth. To this end, the state will continue to reduce the rates of some taxes and duties in parallel with increasing fiscal discipline, to review the existing tax facilities in terms of their efficiency, to ensure fair competition in the field of trade through efficient and fair regulations of activities based on entrepreneurial patents and online commercial operations. The tax incentives are to be applied mainly to support the development of small businesses, innovative economic branches, such as Information Technologies and Green Economy, to support the creation of new jobs, but also for programs aimed at the economic inclusion of young people and our fellow citizens abroad.
The participation of the state at the operational level in the economy must be minimal, and the economic assets currently held by public institutions are to be denationalized and transferred to the private sector for investments and a much more efficient management. The state is to withdraw from economic activities unsuitable for the attributions and destination of its institutions, including rail transport of goods and passengers, various services and industries, etc.
One of the essential impediments in attracting private investment in the economy is the degrading state or even the total lack of public infrastructure, including quality roads, water and sewerage networks, gas and energy. The state is to significantly amplify public investments in infrastructure, directing important financial resources for this purpose. Having one of the lowest rates of state indebtedness in Europe, the Republic of Moldova can attract significant financial resources from international financial institutions and foreign financial markets for this purpose.
One of the pillars of the PDCM's economic policy is the focus on the reindustrialization of the country, reorienting exports of raw materials and products with low added value to modern industries, generating added value and new qualitative fiscal effect. This approach would allow us to efficiently and rationally capitalize on the vast opportunities offered to the Republic of Moldova by the free trade agreements with several of the country's trading partners, in particular the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement with the European Union. The industrial platforms initiated in the 18 districts of the country are to become centers of economic development of adjacent regions and a destination for private investments in various industries.
An enormous economic and fiscal potential is represented by the services sector, including tourism and HORECA, but which remains to be capitalized in the Republic of Moldova at extremely low levels. The sector can be the main generator of jobs and a considerable source for the public budget. The state is to implement a complex of fiscal and regulatory incentives in this sector to boost investments and job creation.
The pandemic and the restrictive sanitary measures applied by the authorities have affected the economic activity of entire sectors of the national economy. The Government's possibilities to support these sectors are limited by the insufficient financial resources it can direct for these purposes. The fair approach in terms of society's effort to form the public budget is to provide support to economic agents in correlation with their level of social responsibility, including in terms of maintaining jobs and adequate remuneration of employees. In this regard, the mechanism of subsidizing from the budget some tax payments (fees and taxes related to salary) made by economic agents during the pandemic crisis is to be extended and implemented even after the end of this crisis.
The approaches listed above can help replace the remittance-financed consumption model with a dynamic model based on entrepreneurship, openness to competition, innovation, massive private investment and the re-employment of more citizens, including those currently abroad, in economic sectors. The priority objectives of the PDCM in the field of economic development and the budgetary-fiscal system:
Education, Research, Culture, Sport and Youth
A nation that does not invest primarily in education and culture cannot prosper in any other field and is doomed to extinction. It is an absolute axiom, valid throughout the ages, but which in the dark periods of history is ignored, and the results of such an attitude are not long in coming.
Since the proclamation of the independence of our state, the greatest costs of the interminable transition have been borne by the fields of education, culture, research, health care and other priority branches for any people, and the intelligentsia has been gradually denied the role of promoter in the most important aspects of political and socio-economic life. The current moral and material degradation, this "dark age" that we are now experiencing, is the direct consequence of this attitude towards priority areas.
The government policies implemented in the field of education over the years have generated major shortcomings for all levels of the educational process. The superficial endowment of educational institutions, the degradation of their infrastructure and the irresponsible approaches in the material and moral motivation of teachers, are at the origin of these deficiencies, substantially affecting the educational process and the quality of studies.
The PDCM has as its basic objective in the field of education to ensure adequate conditions and access for all children and young people to quality education adapted to the developments of the socio-economic life. This goal can be achieved by investing sufficiently and rationally in the public and private education systems. Adequate budgetary financing of the fields of education, research, culture, sports and other socially important areas is possible to ensure in the conditions of an efficient and responsible distribution of available resources and an economic leap.
The restoration of the prestige of the intellectual professions and the "authority" of their bearers will bring back to the fore the general human values on which the level of civilization of a society depends.
The shortage of staff in priority areas for society is the main problem, and the inadequate motivation of teachers, creative people, sports employees and performance athletes is the main cause of the shortage of staff. The example of the substantial increase in salaries in the medical system during 2020 must and can be replicated in other social areas.
The priority objectives for the fields of education, research and culture are the following:
The priority objectives of the PDCM for supporting youth and sports are the following:
Health protection
The field of health care, together with that of education, research and culture, must be the absolute priority for any society that aspires to economic and social development. The ignorance over the years of this undeniable axiom by the political class of the Republic of Moldova has caused the reduction of the capacities of the medical system and the deepening of systemic problems in this field. Moreover, this attitude of politicians towards the people (intellectuals) in these fields has determined the diminishing of the presence and role of this driving force of the development of any modern society in the socio-political processes, which has led to the systemic degradation of the state.
Insufficient funding and pseudo-reforms implemented in the health care system during 2010-2017 generated major functional deficiencies and risks in the field. The most obvious and critical being: the insufficiency of medical staff at all levels and the derisory endowment of public medical institutions with medical equipment and devices, including the progressive deterioration of their infrastructure. Today, the country's medical system endures largely due to the responsible attitude, dedication to the doctor's vocation, patriotism and enthusiasm of the country's medical professionals. It cannot continue indefinitely, although the political class often considers this factor as an inexhaustible resource.
Only the exemplary mobilization capacity of doctors and medical personnel in the country made it possible to avoid the collapse of the medical system during the COVID19 pandemic. Despite the chronic under-endowment of the country's medical system with human resources, equipment and devices, all citizens of the country have received medical care and treatment of COVID-19 infection, the country registering a fatality rate following cases of infection with this virus below the European average. The pandemic has highlighted several shortcomings in the public health system, which are to be removed quickly and efficiently, considering the risk of perpetuating pandemics globally in the coming decades.
A special emphasis must be placed on the organization and contracting of medical services according to the needs of the population, through the strategic procurement of medical services. Approval of the criteria for contracting medical service providers (regardless of the type of ownership) within the mandatory health insurance system. An important role for the functioning and modernization of the country's medical system can also be played by optional medical insurance, a field that is just about to be developed in our country.
An equally important role in the health care system of the Republic of Moldova is to be attributed to the private sector, which in recent years has demonstrated a significant investment and competitive potential for this field. In this context, the state is to adjust the system of compulsory health insurance, increasing the access of private medical institutions to funding from FAOAM, by establishing transparent and fair contracting criteria for all participants and for the entire spectrum of services. For the functioning and modernization of the country's medical system, the field of optional medical insurance is to be capitalized, which, although regulated, remains unattractive.
The shortage of medical staff is the most acute problem faced by the health care system in the country, and an eventual perpetuation of the exodus of specialists from the system would bring public medicine in the country to the brink of collapse. The state is to continue in the coming years the implementation of increased measures to motivate employees in the medical system, including through relevant salary policies, modernized working conditions and adequate social guarantees offered to medical professionals.
The balanced policy of distribution of resources in the field of health care – both human and financial and technical resources – will certainly constitute the necessary support for achieving the basic purpose of the system: strengthening the health of the population. Thus, we will be able to offer accessible and equitable medical services for each person, while ensuring balance in the development of public and private medical and health institutions, of different levels and in all regions of the country.
By virtue of recent developments in the field of media and the increasingly frequent trends of misinformation of public opinion on public health topics, it is necessary to develop and implement a governmental program to educate the population, in order to raise awareness of the basic aspects and main risks related to this field. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the major risks posed by disinformation on public health topics, including the lack of cooperation of citizens and even the obstruction of sanitary-epidemiological measures taken by the authorities, reluctance to vaccination campaigns, etc. The priority objectives of the PDCM in the field of health care are the following:
Social Protection and Employment
The field of social protection remains a priority, resulting from the multiple problems affecting the population's standard of living. The demographic trends in Moldova are alarming from the perspective of the reduction of the birth rate, the aging of the population, as well as the emigration of the labor force. These phenomena condition imperative measures on the political agenda in order to ensure financial sustainability and increase the population's confidence in the social security system, as well as to strengthen a social assistance system correlated with the real needs of people in difficulty.
The populist political initiatives promoted in the last decade have distorted the social protection system. Unfortunately, their effect was short-term and with little impact on the well-being of the population. We attest that so far, the mechanism that would provide social guarantees to people employed in agriculture has not been identified. The share of minimum pension beneficiaries is constantly increasing, and the "social pressure" on people who work and contribute to the state social insurance budget is 1.2 employees for the payment of a beneficiary's pension. All of the problems exposed substantially reduce the possibility of increasing social security benefits.
Demographic decline requires proactive measures to support families with children. The social benefits granted for raising a child are determined by the parent's status as an insured or uninsured person, although the needs for the care and development of children are identical. Ante-preschool and pre-school educational institutions are underdeveloped, especially in rural localities, and require the diversification of their forms of organization and functioning, which will allow the economic empowerment of women, the practical implementation of reconciling family and professional life, as well as stimulate the increase in the birth rate.
The situation on the labour market is critical, the basic employment indicators are at a low level. The policies in the field have not had the expected impact on the increase of formal employment, based on economic competitiveness, adequate skills and qualifications to ensure sustainable and inclusive development. The lack of correlation of the education system with the requirements of the labor market for better qualifications and competences had negative effects on the valorization of human potential and the accentuation of the migration phenomenon. The Republic of Moldova has a high rate of young people not employed in the labor market. A major problem is the distribution of the active population and the employed population depending on the environment of residence, and active employment measures are needed for the population in rural localities.
Although the Republic of Moldova has made some progress in the field of respect for the rights of persons with disabilities, the need for effective measures of social protection, access to infrastructure and inclusion in the active socio-economic circuit remains current. As a result of the need to ensure respect for human rights, to guarantee a dignified standard of living throughout life, the priority objectives of the PDCM in the field of social protection and employment are the following:
Development of public infrastructure and regions
The precarious and totally outdated state of public infrastructure (roads, water and sanitation, energy, waste management, etc.) is the main impediment to the development of the economy, attracting private investments in the economy and is one of the main causes of the exodus of the country's population.
The massive investments of the state in the development of public infrastructure are the main precondition for ensuring an economic leap of the country, so it is one of the basic priorities of the PDCM. Significant financial resources for these purposes must be attracted from abroad, by connecting the country to international financial markets.
The priority objectives of the PDCM in the field of public infrastructure and regional development are the following:
Efficient agricultural sector
The exodus of the country's population has left our villages deserted, and the economic base of the country's villages and regions has deteriorated significantly. Agriculture is the economic sector that determines the material well-being of the rural sector, and the state policies must be oriented towards modernizing this sector and increasing its protection against unfavorable climatic phenomena.
The agricultural sector and animal husbandry are the branches of the national economy, which have suffered the most due to inadequate economic and fiscal policies, largely due to the populism of politicians. Incorrect approaches from a fiscal point of view and distortions on the production value chain have turned Moldova's agriculture into a banal supplier of raw materials on foreign markets, with extremely low surplus value generating activities. With serious consequences for the manufacturing industry and animal husbandry, these ineffective policies have also hit farmers and producers of primary agricultural production.
The volumes of resources allocated by the state to subsidize the agricultural sector and animal husbandry, as well as the way these subsidies are allocated, have not significantly contributed to the modernization of the sector and to increase its degree of resistance to droughts and other harmful phenomena.
In order to revitalize the agrarian sector, it is necessary to restore the infrastructure for irrigation of agricultural land. As in the case of public infrastructure, the financial means necessary for the reconstruction of the irrigation system will be allocated from the state budget, on account of attracting financial resources from foreign markets. The priority objectives of the PDCM for the agricultural and livestock sector are the following:
Environment and climate change
The degradation of the ecological situation and climate change, as well as the degradation of biodiversity, have already become existential phenomena for the Republic of Moldova, fully manifesting themselves during the last 10 years. The country's ecology is affected both as a result of the use of outdated and environmentally offensive technologies in economic activities, and by the attitude of citizens and public authorities in the field of public waste management. The large number of garbage storage sites, including unauthorized ones, as well as the underdeveloped infrastructure of the garbage management system, pose a major danger to the ecological system and require urgent and complex intervention by the state and citizens. It is necessary to implement an intersectoral approach to environmental problems and to include them in all sectors of the national economy, ensuring the fulfillment of the commitments to implement the Sustainable Development Goals. The priority objectives of the PDCM in the field of environmental protection are the following: